「be brought up」的本义是“被抚养长大”,强调一个人成长过程中所受的养育、教育和环境影响。例如:“He was brought up in a small town.”(他在一个小镇长大。)由此引申出“被提出、被提及”的意思,因为将话题“带上来”就像将孩子“带大”一样,使某事物从背景中显现。例如:“The issue was brought up during the meeting.”(这个问题在会议中被提了出来。)另一个引申义是“被引起”,如“be brought up short”表示突然停下或震惊,因为某种情况“带上来”打断了原有的进程。这些义项都围绕“bring up”这一动作,即“从下到上”或“使出现”,而被动语态则强调主语是动作的接受者。
「be brought up」在多种场合使用。在日常口语中,常用来谈论个人成长经历,如“I was brought up in a strict family.”(我在一个严格家庭长大。)此时语气亲切、个人化。在新闻报道中,常用于“be brought up on charges”(被起诉),表示某人被正式指控,语气正式。在学术写作中,可能用于“be brought up in the discussion”(在讨论中被提出),强调议题的引入。在商务邮件中,可能用于“The matter was brought up at the meeting.”(此事在会议上被提出。)语气中性。在法律文本中,它可能涉及“be brought up for sentencing”(被提审量刑),语气严肃。在文学作品中,它可能用于描述角色的背景,如“She was brought up among books.”(她在书堆中长大。)整体上,该短语在口语和书面语中均常见,但具体含义需根据上下文判断。
语法要点
「be brought up」是被动语态,其主动形式为“bring up”。它通常及物,后接宾语(人或话题)。常见句型包括:1. 主语 + be brought up + 地点/方式(如“He was brought up in London.”);2. 主语 + be brought up + by + 施动者(如“She was brought up by her grandmother.”);3. 主语 + be brought up + on + 名词(如“They were brought up on a diet of fast food.”)。易错点:不要与“bring up”的主动形式混淆,被动语态强调主语是被抚养或被提出的对象。另外,“brought up”也可作形容词,如“a well-brought-up child”(有教养的孩子),但此时不用于被动意义。注意时态变化:一般现在时“am/is/are brought up”,一般过去时“was/were brought up”,完成时“have/has been brought up”。
近义辨析
「be brought up」与“be raised”和“be reared”近义,但略有差别。“be raised”更常用于美式英语,且更正式,如“He was raised in Texas.”“be reared”则更正式,且多用于农村或动物,如“The calves are reared for beef.”而“be brought up”更通用,且常包含道德、教育层面的含义。在“提出”义上,与“be mentioned”和“be raised”近义。“be mentioned”更随意,仅表示被提及;“be raised”更正式,常用于会议或讨论;而“be brought up”则强调主动引出,且可能带有讨论的意图。例如:“The topic was brought up, but not discussed.”(话题被提出,但没有讨论。)
使用提示
「be brought up」在语域上属于中性,可用于正式和非正式场合。在“抚养”义上,无褒贬色彩,但若修饰“in poverty”等,可能隐含负面。在“提出”义上,中性。常见误用:一是与“grow up”混淆。“be brought up”是被动,强调他人的抚养;而“grow up”是主动,强调自身成长,如“I grew up in London.”(我在伦敦长大。)二是将“brought”误写为“bought”(“买”的过去式),注意拼写。三是误用为“brought up”后接人时,可能产生歧义,如“He was brought up by his father.”既可理解为“他由父亲抚养”,也可理解为“他被父亲提起”,需根据上下文判断。
高频搭配
be brought up in在……长大
be brought up by由……抚养
be brought up on以……为食/被灌输
be brought up to do被教育去做
be brought up on charges被起诉
be brought up short突然停下
be brought up in conversation在谈话中被提及
句子示例
She was brought up in a small village in the south of France.她在法国南部的一个小村庄长大。
The issue of climate change was brought up at the conference.气候变化问题在会议上被提出。
He was brought up on charges of fraud.他被控欺诈罪。
They were brought up to respect their elders.他们从小被教育要尊敬长辈。
The topic was brought up again during the interview.这个话题在采访中再次被提起。
I was brought up on classic rock music.我是在经典摇滚乐的熏陶下长大的。